Metabolic bone disease (MBD) is an imbalance of calcium and phosphorus due to an improper diet and the lack of adequate ultraviolet (UV) light, or a combination of both.
MBD is a common and serious disease in pet reptiles, including Terrapins. This can cause weal, brittle bones that break easily, misshapen shell or deformed bones in 1 or all 4 legs. They can become lethargic, have a swollen jaw or legs, lose the ability to work or move normally and could potentially lose weight.
Treatment for metabolic bone disease (MBD) in Terrapins depends on the severity of the disease and may include:
- Dietary changes: A balanced diet is often enough for mild cases. For herbivores, calcium-rich foods.
- Calcium supplementation: Oral or injectable calcium may be needed.
- Vitamin D3: An injection of vitamin D3 may be given.
- UVB radiation: A UVB light source, such as a fluorescent Reptisun or mercury vapor bulb, is needed to help the Terrapin produce vitamin D3. The lamp should be positioned so that the Terrapin is no closer than 2 inches away, but no more than 12 inches away.
- Cage rest: If the Terrapin has broken bones, it may need cage rest or tape splints.
- Fluids: Fluids may be provided to treat dehydration.
- Pain management: Pain medication may be needed.
- Food support: If the Terrapin is not eating voluntarily, it may need hand-feeding, syringe feeding, or tube feeding.
